Exception handling in Java is a mechanism for handling errors that may occur during the execution of a program. In Java, exceptions are objects that represent the error condition that occurred.

There are two main ways to handle exceptions in Java:

1. Try-catch blocks: A try-catch block consists of a try block followed by one or more catch blocks. The try block contains the code that may throw an exception, and the catch block contains the code that handles the exception. Here is an example of a try-catch block:

try {
   // code that may throw an exception
} catch (ExceptionType ex) {
   // code to handle the exception
}

2. Throwing exceptions: You can throw an exception in Java by using the throw keyword followed by an instance of an exception class. This allows you to create custom exception classes and throw them when a specific error condition occurs. Here is an example of throwing an exception:

if (x < 0) {
   throw new IllegalArgumentException("x cannot be negative");
}

It is a good practice to catch and handle exceptions as close to the source of the error as possible. This allows you to handle the error in a specific way, rather than relying on a global exception handler.

For more information on exception handling in Java, you can refer to the Java documentation at https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/14/docs/api/java.base/java/lang/Exception.html.